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Surfer's ear (exostosis) is an abnormal bony growth that develops in the ear canal, caused by repeated exposure to cold water and wind, most commonly seen in surfers, swimmers, and divers. Over time, the growths can narrow the ear canal.
Evidence checked against current HSE guidance for Surfer's ear, covering the article's core clinical information and relevant assessment, management or safety considerations.
Public health education article
Self-care advice — See your GP or an ENT specialist if you notice recurrent ear infections, blockage, or hearing changes, particularly if you regularly swim or surf.
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Surfer's ear (exostosis) is an abnormal bony growth that develops in the ear canal, caused by repeated exposure to cold water and wind, most commonly seen in surfers, swimmers, and divers. Over time, the growths can narrow the ear canal.
Topic-specific prevention and risk reduction will be added during the article-specific evidence audit.
You notice recurrent ear infections or a persistent feeling of fullness in the ear
Surfer's ear (exostosis) is an abnormal bony growth that develops in the ear canal, caused by repeated exposure to cold water and wind, most commonly seen in surfers, swimmers, and divers. Over time, the growths can narrow the ear canal.
In its early stages, surfer's ear often causes no symptoms, but as the growths enlarge, they can trap water and earwax, leading to recurrent ear infections, a feeling of blockage, and gradual hearing loss.
See your GP or an ENT specialist if you notice recurrent ear infections, blockage, or hearing changes, particularly if you regularly swim or surf.
These measures can help ease symptoms, support recovery, and reduce the chance of things worsening — but they don't replace medical advice if symptoms are severe or persistent.
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BarnMD Health Library provides general health education for public health literacy. Reading this article does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and this information is not a diagnosis, prescription, or personalised treatment plan. If you have symptoms or concerns about your health, seek appropriate advice from a qualified healthcare professional. If you develop emergency warning signs, seek urgent or emergency medical attention.
Surfer's ear develops gradually, so wearing earplugs consistently during water sports is the most effective way to prevent it from progressing.
If you regularly surf, swim, or dive in cold water, wearing snug-fitting earplugs is a simple habit that protects your hearing long-term.