Quick read
Key points
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A black eye is bruising around the eye, usually caused by a direct blow or injury to the area, leading to bleeding under the skin. It typically causes swelling, discoloration ranging from dark purple to yellow-green as it heals, and sometimes mild discomfort, usually resolving on its own within one to two weeks.
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Topic-specific prevention and risk reduction will be added during the article-specific evidence audit.
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You notice any change in vision
01 · Know
What is Black Eye?
A black eye is bruising around the eye, usually caused by a direct blow or injury to the area, leading to bleeding under the skin. It typically causes swelling, discoloration ranging from dark purple to yellow-green as it heals, and sometimes mild discomfort, usually resolving on its own within one to two weeks.
While often just a cosmetic injury, a black eye can occasionally indicate a more significant underlying injury, such as a fracture of the bones around the eye, so it's worth being aware of the signs that need further assessment.
02 · Understand
Clinical context
Vision changes are the key warning sign
Ordinary bruising around the eye doesn't usually affect vision — any change in vision alongside a black eye needs prompt assessment to rule out a more significant injury.
03 · Act
When to See a Doctor
- 1You notice any change in vision
- 2Swelling prevents the eye from opening
- 3You suspect a broken nose or other facial fracture alongside the black eye
- 4Symptoms aren't improving after a week or two
04 · Prevent & manage
Practical steps
Apply Cold, Not Direct Ice, to the Skin
Always wrap ice or a cold pack in a cloth before applying it to the skin around the eye to avoid further irritation or cold injury to this delicate area.
- 1Apply a cold compress soon after the injury.This helps reduce swelling — use it for short periods, wrapped in a cloth, during the first day or two.
- 2Rest and avoid further injury to the area.Giving the area time to heal reduces the risk of further bruising or damage.
- 3Take appropriate pain relief if needed.Paracetamol can help with discomfort — follow package instructions.
- 4Sleep with your head slightly elevated.This can help reduce overnight swelling.
- 5Watch for any changes in vision or worsening symptoms.These would need prompt medical assessment.
Medical information notice
Health education, not individual medical advice
BarnMD Health Library provides general health education for public health literacy. Reading this article does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and this information is not a diagnosis, prescription, or personalised treatment plan. If you have symptoms or concerns about your health, seek appropriate advice from a qualified healthcare professional. If you develop emergency warning signs, seek urgent or emergency medical attention.
BarnMD Bottom Line
A black eye usually heals well on its own within one to two weeks, following the typical stages of bruising as it fades.
Any change in vision alongside a black eye should always be assessed promptly.